性别相关基因在牛早期性别发育中的表达规律研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.10.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究SRY、SOX9、DAX1和FOXL2 4个性别相关基因在早期牛胎儿中的表达情况，阐明其表达规律。收集34～80胎龄（dpc）牛早期胎儿的生殖嵴和中肾，先确定其性别，然后采用荧光定量PCR和免疫组化方法分别对SRY、SOX9、DAX1、FOXL2基因在RNA和蛋白水平进行定量和定位检测。经4对引物的性别鉴定，19个胎儿中10个为雄性，9个为雌性。SRY基因只在雄性中表达，而FOXL2基因在雌性中有显著表达，在雄性中则有痕量的表达。在雄性生殖嵴中，SOX9和DAX1的表达模式相似，但在44～56 dpc DAX1表达量高于SOX9；在38～80 dpc的雌性生殖嵴中，DAX1的表达量持续高于SOX9，且53 dpc后，SOX9表达量持续维持低水平，而DAX1表达量却急剧升高到80 dpc。可见，牛早期胎儿雄性的性别决定时间为35～39 dpc，雌性则为39～41 dpc；且SRY和FOXL2分别为牛早期胎儿雄性和雌性的性别决定基因，本研究初步揭示了牛早期胎儿性别相关基因的表达规律，为家畜性别控制提供理论基础。

Abstract:

Expression patterns of sex-related genes in early dairy cattle fetuses were detected in this study. Holstein dairy cattle fetuses at gestational ages ranging from 34 days postcoitum (dpc) to 80 dpc were obtained by artificial infertilization. Their urogenital crests and mesonephroi were incised to determine the expression levels of 4 genes and locations of 4 proteins by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. The other tissues were used for sex identification of fetuses. Sex identification results showed that there were 10 male and 9 female fetuses in 19 fetuses totally with accurate gestation age. SRY mRNA was expressed only in male fetuses. FOXL2 mRNA was expressed obviously in female fetuses and expressed tracely in the male. SOX9 and DAX1 mRNA had similar expression patterns in male fetuses, while the level of SOX9 was lower than that of DAX1 from 44 to 56 dpc. In female crests from 38 to 80 dpc, SOX9 mRNA level was always lower than DAX1. In female crests after 53 dpc, the expression level of SOX9 was persistently low, while the DAX1 rose violently after that point. The time for sex determination in bovine was from 35 to 39 dpc for the males and from 39 to 41 dpc for the female. SRY and FOXL2 may be the sex determination genes for the male or female in bovine fetus, respectively. This study revealed preliminarily the expression patterns of sex related genes in early bovine fetuses and provided an important theoretical foundation for sex control in mammals.

中图分类号:

S823.9⁺1.2

徐超, 李凤, 郝海生, 刘岩, 赵学明, 庞云渭, 朱化彬, 杜卫华. 性别相关基因在牛早期性别发育中的表达规律研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(10): 1892-1901.

XU Chao, LI Feng, HAO Hai-sheng, LIU Yan, ZHAO Xue-ming, PANG Yun-wei, ZHU Hua-bin, DU Wei-hua. Sex-Related Genes Expression during Development of the Early Bovine Fetuses[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(10): 1892-1901.

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